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UDC 81`33
https://doi.org/10.20339/PhS.4-22.022
Diaghileva Irina B.,
Candidate of Philology, Senior Researcher
Institute for Linguistic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
e-mail: diaghileva@mail.ru
Janurik Szabolcs,
Candidate of Philology,
Senior Lecturer of the Russian Language and Literature Department
Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest
e-mail: janurik@yahoo.com
The article presents a historical and lexicological description of the popular borrowing of the 19th century panorama, panoráma in Russian and Hungarian, as well as the borrowings and derivatives with the same root (panoramicheskij, panoramnyj, panoramskij, enciklopedicheski panoramicheskij, panoramicheski, panoramshchik, panoramograf; panorámai, panorámás). The analysis of the lexical family shows that with the great social significance of new borrowings they quickly come into use and form derivatives, getting fixation in dictionaries. The development of the meanings of neologisms in Russian was influenced by the processes of semantic analogy with the borrowing previously rooted in the language (kartina-panorama), adjective polysemy was formed under the influence of noun polysemy (panorama → panoramicheskij, panoramnyj). The study conducted a comparative analysis of lexical families in Russian and Hungarian, marked similarities and differences determined by cultural, historical and linguistic features. Drawing on the example of the panorama, significant similarities were traced in the process of borrowing in unrelated languages. The methods used in the research are descriptive, comparative, statistical, historical and cultural, also methods of contextual and semantic analysis.
Keywords: historical lexicology and lexicography, borrowing, Russian language, Hungarian language.
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