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Bogdanova Olga V.,
Doctor of Philology, Professor,
A.I. Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University;
F.M. Dostoevsky Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy
e-mail: olgabogdanova03@mail.ru
The article examines the issue of the evolution of Mikhail Sholokhov’s artistic worldview and the formation of the poetics of his early works. Using the example of Sholokhov’s very first story “The Birthmark”, the dotted features of Christian symbolism are revealed, which the writer will later actively resort to. The purpose of the analysis is to determine the specifics of the figurative — motional and structural-compositional features of the story “The Birthmark” and to determine their role in the dynamics of improving the creative skills of the writer. The article shows that, recognized by critics as the “strongest” of the writer’s “Don Stories”, in fact, Sholokhov’s early text is very schematically and tendentiously constructed. “The Birthmark” is only the first sample of the pen of a young Komsomol journalist who was just looking for his place in literature. The “binary” contrasting composition of the story is traced, the paired antitheticism of the character system is considered, the artificiality and redundancy of the narrative plot twists are established. For the first time, during the interpretation of Sholokhov’s earliest story, the principle of objectivity was actualized, which allowed to identify the shortcomings of the writing of a young novice novelist that had not been previously explicated by criticism, and the importance of the story “The Birthmark” for the maturation of the author’s position of the artist, a classic of Soviet and Russian literature, was established. The use of a comparative approach made it possible to expand the problem-thematic allusions of the early Sholokhov text and take a different look at the ‘textbook’ Don text of the writer. It is shown that it was the early story “The Birthmark”, itself “student-like”, schematic and tendentious, that became for Sholokhov the starting point from where Christian-religious motifs, images, symbols appeared in his small and large epic, which allowed him to further convey the deep tragedy of the events of the fratricidal civil war. In conclusion, the importance of the story “The Birthmark” is emphasized not in terms of its artistic maturity, but its significance for the formation of the creative worldview of the Russian Soviet classic, Nobel Prize winner.
Keywords: Soviet literature, M. Sholokhov, “The Birthmark”, problems of critical reception, origins and evolution
The study was funded by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (RSF, project No. 23-18-01007, https://rscf.ru/project/23-18-01007/); Russian Christian Humanities Academy named after F.M. Dostoevsky. F.M. Dostoevsky
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