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Shestakova Elena Yu.,
Candidate of Philology,
Associate Professor of the Literature and Russian Language Department Humanitarian Institute of the Branch of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University
e-mail: shestackova.lena2013@yandex.ru
The aim of the article is to consider the image of the immediate environment in autobiographical prose about the childhood of writers of the Russian diaspora of the first wave of emigration. The material for the study was the story “Nikita’s Childhood” by A.N. Tolstoy, the novels “The Lord’s Summer” by I.S. Shmelev, “Dawn” by B.K. Zaitsev (the first part of the tetralogy “Gleb’s Travels”), “Times” by M.A. Osorgin. The immediate environment, including teachers, mentors, lovers, friends, occupies an important place in the process of forming the inner world of the child hero. Teachers and mentors impart scientific knowledge and spiritual experience. Close attention is paid to religious and spiritual education, which helps the hero comprehend the deep meaning of Orthodox culture. An important means of revealing the process of a child’s entry into the world and getting to know it is the depiction of first love. Revealing the dynamics of feelings, dating back to the tradition of L.N. Tolstoy, allows writers to trace the path of the emergence of ideas about the richness and complexity of human relationships in the child hero. Folk images make up the poetry of national culture, their description is striking in its color and accuracy. They help convey the unique national way of life. Interaction with the people forms in the child heroes an idea of material and spiritual values. A significant feature of autobiographical prose about childhood is the depiction of the theme of friendship. The description of the heroes’ immediate environment plays the role of social and moral markers, allowing writers to reach large-scale problems that have historical and universal content.
Keywords: autobiographical prose, theme of childhood, image of a child, Russian diaspora, A.N. Tolstoy, I.S. Shmelev, B.K. Zaitsev, M.A. Osorgin
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