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Hovhannisyan Susanna G.,
Doctor of Philology, Associate Professor,
Leading Researcher
M. Abeghyan Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences
of the Republic of Armenia (Yerevan, Armenia)
e-mail: sushovh@mail.ru
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-6079
The article examines one of the pages of the history of Armenia, namely the fate of the Armenian poet and public figure Hovhannes Tumanyan. Tumanyan’s mission to end the civil war in the context of the popular uprising against the Sovietization of the country is presented. Various interpretations of the causes of anti-Soviet protests in Armenian historiography are compared and analyzed. In particular, the repressive actions of the Revolutionary Committee of Armenia, mass arrests and bloody massacres of the Armenian intelligentsia are shown; the use of the authority of a popularly known poet as a revolutionary technology of “soft power” combined with the use of armed force to suppress anti-revolutionary movements; the daily life of a person who, by the will of fate, found himself in the epicenter of the events of February 1921. Soviet historiography characterizes the February 1921 events in Armenia as an adventure. In modern historical science, the definitions of “February uprising” or “civil war” have become entrenched. The research methodology is based on methods of concrete historical and comparative analysis of historical realities and the poet’s letters addressed to S. Ordzhonikidze and the leaders of Soviet Armenia in early 1921. The historical and biographical method is combined with the method of hermeneutics as a way of reconstructing historical events through self-analysis of a personality. The novelty of the work is the introduction into scientific circulation of official and unofficial letters, which are historical documents expressing the approaches and objective views of the non-party poet. These documents were published in the Armenian periodicals, but they did not become the subject of special historiographical analysis, although they are of great value both for historical science and for the scientific biography of the writer. The assessments and approach of Armenian historiography on this topic are presented.
Keywords: Hovhannes Tumanyan, february uprising, civil war, sovietization of Armenia, red terror, Dashnak uprising
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