.png)
UDC 821.353.1-1=161.1
Koreneva Marina Yu.,
Candidate of Philology, Leading Researcher
Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the
Russian Academy of Sciences
e-mail: marinakoreneva7@gmail.com
The paper reconstructs the history of the publication of the collection of poems “Georgian Romanticists” (1940) published by Yu.N. Tynyanov, N.S. Tikhonov, M.L. Lozinsky using memoirs, letters of the translators and archival materials. Also, the creation of the myth of Georgian Romanticism is traced, as being apart from the literary reality, which was in no way connected with the European Romanticism, but corresponding to its specific Russian version. Particular attention is paid to the role of B.L. Pasternak who, refusing to participate in this collection, familiarized the Russian reader with Georgian poetry by creating his own alternative “canon” of Georgian lyricists and took key positions in this field. By using materials of the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers (1934) and the First All-Union Conference of Translators (1936), which secured Pasternak’s fame as the “number one” translator of Georgian poetry and approved his principles of poetic translation which ignored the form of the original, the author outlines the context in which the collection “Georgian Romanticists”, entirely based on the theoretical foundations formulated by M. L. Lozinsky, looked as a manifesto of “accurate” translation, as a collective declaration of the translators that directly opposed the officially adopted translation strategy.
Keywords: Georgian poetry of the 19th century, Georgian Romanticism, Yu.N. Tynyanov, M.L. Lozinsky, B.L. Pasternak, conflict between “free” and “accurate” poetic translations.
References
1. Andronnikov I. Vozle Tynyanova // ospominaniia o Tynyanove: portrety i vstrechi. Moscow, 1983. S. 195–197.
2. Gatsereliya A. Vstrechi v Tbilisi // Vospominaniia o Tynyanove: portrety i vstrechi. Moscow, 1983. S. 199–209.
3. Margvelashvili G. Vykhod v Gruziiu // Literaturnaia Gruziia. 1972. No. 11. S. 23–48.
4. Bebutov G. Otrazheniia: vospominaniia, stat’i. Tbilisi, 1973. S. 63–67.
5. Bystrova O.V. O vliianii Gor’kogo na razvitie natsional’nykh literatur // Filologicheskii klass. 2018. No. 2 (52). S. 78–79.
6. Pasternak B. “Krai, stavshii mne vtoroi rodinoi”: (pis’ma B. Pasternaka k gruzinskim pisateliam) // Voprosy literatury. 1966. No. 1. S. 166–200.
7. Abuashvili A. Pasternak i Gruziia: (dialog poetov) // Voprosy literatury. 1998. No. 1. S. 336–345.
8. Tabidze N. Raduga na rassvete // Vospominaniia o Borise Pasternake. Moscow, 1993. S. 289–307.
9. Filina M. Boris Pasternak v Gruzii. Tbilisi, 2014.
10. Russkie pisateli o Gruzii: O. Forsh, Yu. Tynyanov, V. Goltsev / sost. M.S. Kladiashvili. Tbilisi, 1980.
11. Bebutov G. U istokov bol’shoi druzhby// Olga Forsh v vospominaniiakh sovremennikov. Leningrad, 1974.
12. Forsh O. Pisatel’nitsy Gruzii // Zvezda. 1934. No. 2. S. 147–155.
13. Pasternak B.L. Polnoe sobranie sochinenii: v 11 t. Moscow, 2003–2005.
14. Pavlenko P.A. Iz pisem k drugu // Znamia. 1968. No. 4. S. 125–147.
15. Sredi gazet i zhurnalov // Voprosy literatury. 1984. No. 11. S. 283–287.
16. Yurii Tynyanov: biobliograficheskaia khronika (1894–1943) / sost. V.F. Shubin. St. Petersburg, 1994.
17. T. Tabidze. Pis’mo k G.E. Sorokinu. <1933?> / publ. M.Yu. Korenevoi // Mezhdunarodnye sviazi russkoi literatury: (po sobraniiam Pushkinskogo Doma): al’bom / IRLI RAN; otv. red. M.Yu. Koreneva. St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriia, 2017. S. 320–321.
18. Revoliutsiia i natsional’nost’. 1936. No. 11.
19. Fedorov A.V. Fragmenty vospominanii // Vospominaniia o Tynyanove: portrety i vstrechi. Moscow, 1983. S. 85–108.
20. Pasternak B.L. Pis’ma k G.E. Sorokinu / publ. A.V. Lavrova, E.V. Pasternak, E.B. Pasternaka // Ezhegodnik Rukopisnogo otdela Pushkinskogo Doma na 1979 god. Leningrad, 1981. S. 199–227.
21. Gruzinskie romantiki v perevode russkikh poetov / pod red. Yu.N. Tynyanova, N.S. Tikhonova, pri uchastii M.L. Lozinskogo. Leningrad, 1940.
22. Gruzinskie romantiki. Leningrad, 1978.
23. Shoshin V.A. Nikolai Zabolotskii i Gruziia. St. Petersburg, 2004.
24. Nerler P. “Con amore!”. Pamiati Benedikta Livshitsa // Literaturnaia Gruziia. 1985. No. 11. S. 149–155.
25. Livshits B. Polutoroglazyi strelets: stikhotvoreniia, perevody, vospominaniia. Leningrad, 1989.
26. Dogovor na perevod gruzinskikh poetov mezhdu G.E. Sorokinym i “Bibliotekoi poeta” // RO IRLI. Ф. 519. No. 279.
27. Sorokin G.E. Perevody iz gruzinskikh poetov // RO IRLI. Ф. 519. No. 4.
28. Khakhanov A.S. Ocherki po istorii gruzinskoi slovesnosti // Literatura XIX veka. Vyp. 4. Moscow, 1906.
29. Ostrovskii A., Fedorov A. Gruzinskie liriki XIX veka // Rezets. 1939. No. 15–16. S. 27–28.
30. Pervyi Vsesoiuznyi s”ezd sovetskikh pisatelei: stenograficheskii otchet. Moscow, 1934.
31. Gaprindishvili V. Perevod — dvoinik originala // Literaturnaia gazeta. 1936. No. 3 (566). S. 4.
32. Lozinsky M.L. Iskusstvo stikhotvornogo perevoda // Druzhba narodov. 1955. No. 7. S. 158–166.
33. Zemskova E.E. Strategii loial’nosti: diskussiia o tochnosti perevoda na Pervom Vsesoiuznom soveshchanii perevodchikov 1936 g. // Novyi filologicheskii vestnik. 2015. No. 4 (35). S. 70–84.
34. Vtoroi Vsesoiuznyi s”ezd sovetskikh pisatelei: stenograficheskii otchet. Moscow, 1956.