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UDC 811.351:39+58::651.1
DOI 10.20339/PhS.5-26.047
Otsomieva-Tagirova Zabihat M.,
Candidate of Philological Sciences, Leading Researcher,
G. Tsadasa Institute of Language, Literature and Art of
the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of
Sciences (Makhachkala, Russia)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6517-8465
e-mail: zabi011@yandex.ru
Yuzbekova Saimat B.,
Candidate of Philological Sciences, Leading Researcher,
G. Tsadasa Institute of Language, Literature and Art of
the Dagestan Federal research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Makhachkala, Russia)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5067-5343
e-mail: saimat51@mail.ru
Dashdemirov Sharapudin Z.,
Researcher
G. Tsadasa Institute of Language, Literature and Art of
the Dagestan Federal research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Makhachkala, Russia)
e-mail: uzu62@mail.ru
Ramazanova Latifa Dashdemirovna,
Candidate of Philological Sciences, Research Fellow
G. Tsadasa Institute of Language, Literature and Art of
the Dagestan Federal research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Makhachkala, Russia)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3574-4662
e-mail: sherifalieva.latifa@yandex.ru
This study is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the phytonymic vocabulary of the Dagestani languages, which is a valuable layer of folk culture reflecting the historical experience, economic structure, mythological representations and ethnobotanical knowledge of the peoples of Dagestan. The relevance of the work is due to the threat of the disappearance of this layer of vocabulary in the context of globalization and the need for its documentation and linguistic understanding. The purpose of the study is a systematic description of the semantics of phytonyms from nominative and linguocultural positions by constructing a semantic field and analyzing the hierarchical structure of thematic groups. The work uses such methods as descriptive, component analysis, field collection of material, as well as the method of semantic interpretation. Based on the material of three different Dagestani languages (Avar, Lezgian, Tabasaran), a structured classification of phytonyms is being built by life forms — trees, shrubs, grasses, types of fruits, as well as by motivational signs — appearance, color, shape, and practical application. Special attention is paid to the linguistic and cultural aspect: the analysis of phytonyms in phraseological units, toponyms, and their connections with folk medicine and ritual practices. Our observations indicate that the phonemic system of Dagestan languages has a harmonious internal organization and is an integral part of the linguistic picture of the world, which regulates the specific perception and development of natural space. The results of the work contribute to Dagestan lexicology, ethnolinguistics and can be used in creating an atlas of Dagestan phytonyms and phytonymic dictionaries for all written languages, as well as in pedagogical practice.
Keywords: phytonyms, Dagestan languages, Avar language, Lesgin language, Tabasaran language, linguoculturology, semantic field, nomination, ethnobotany, motivational feature, thematic group, linguistic picture of the world
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