The article examines the little-known novel “Central Asia in the Middle Ages” by the Soviet artist and writer Pavel Yakovlevich Zaltsman. The authors link the article’s problematic with criticism of the ‘showy’ nature of most intercultural projects of the Soviet period, where the ‘dialogue of cultures’ was related to external contacts and did not imply genuine penetration into another worldview. A small number of writers have made empathic efforts, going beyond the ethnocentric position of the subject thinking within the framework of his own cultural matrix. Zaltsman, according to the authors of the article, is an example of such a way out — ‘the Zaltsman case’. The text of Zaltsman’s novel reveals Turkic cultural concepts, which testify to the depth of the author’s penetration into another cultural reality and his overcoming of the traditional perception of the East. The analysis presents the characteristics of the writer’s optics, Zaltsman’s departure from the orientalist canon that developed in Russian literature of the 19–20th centuries, and examines the patterns of the Turkic cultural picture of the world: maskarabozs, Khizr, Mashrab, Simurg, Zakhak.

Keywords: Pavel Zaltsman, Turkic world, Orientalism, Maskaraboz, Khizr, Mashrab, Simurg, Zahkhok/Zakhak, the novel “Central Asia in the Middle Ages”

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The Zaltsman Case: Penetration into the East