.png)
Lavitski Anton A.,
Candidate of Philology, Associate Professor,
Head of the Law, Social and Humanitarian Discipline Department
Vitebsk Branch of MITSO International University
(Vitebsk, Belarus)
е-mail: antonlavitski@gmail.com
Sinyachkin Vladimir P.,
Doctor of Philology, Associate Professor,
Professor, Head of the Russian Language and Intercultural
Communication Department
Institute of the Russian Language
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
e-mail: word@list.ru
The article is devoted to a comparative study of the peculiarities of understanding a verbal threat as an offense in terms of its scientific (linguo-legal) identification and perception by the naive consciousness. In the first case, the text of the threat must correspond to five obligatory parameters: subject composition; temporal marking; subject affiliation of the action; type of action; addressee. Understanding of threat in the everyday worldview of Belarusians was established experimentally: respondents were given a task in which they had to select one or several verbal responses that, from their point of view, contained a threat. The content of conflict-generating speech acts was explicated in relation to the survey participants; however, only one answer option corresponded to all the designated parameters of threat verbalization. The experimentally established features of threat perception in everyday picture of the world differ from its scientific understanding: when forming a holistic perception of the verbal offense under discussion, the naive consciousness often hypothesizes, that is, independently fills in individual fragments that are not found in the conflict-generating text. Thus, the data from a survey in which 385 residents of Belarus of various genders and ages, living in all regions of the country, participated, show that a potential danger to one’s life, health, and property is revealed in the content of speech acts that do not specify the potential harm and the targeting of the threat.
Keywords: naive picture of the world, scientific picture of the world, threat, legal linguistics, conflict-generating text, verbal offense
References
1. Arutiunova N.D. Tipy iazykovykh znachenii: otsenka, sobytie, fakt. Moscow: Nauka, 1988.
2. Liubimova N.A., Buzal’skaia E.V. Kartina mira: bytie i nauchnyi potentsial termina // Russkii iazyk za rubezhom. 2012. No. 6. S. 40–49.
3. Zakharova T.V. Termin «kartina mira» v sovremennykh lingvisticheskikh issledovaniiakh // Slovo, vyskazyvanie, tekst v kognitivnom, pragmaticheskom i kul’turologicheskom aspektakh / otv. red. L.A. Nefedova. Cheliabinsk: REKPOL, 2008. T. 2. S. 118–121.
4. Apresian Iu.D. Izbrannye trudy: v 2 t. T. 2: Integral’noe opisanie iazyka i sistemnaia leksikografiia. Moscow: Iazyki russkoi kul’tury, 1995.
5. Liubimova N.A., Buzal’skaia E.V. «Kartina mira»: soderzhanie, terminologicheskii status i obshchaia ierarkhiia ee sostavliaiushchikh // Mir russkogo slova. 2011. No. 4. S. 13–20.
6. Plank M. Edinstvo fizicheskoi kartiny mira. Moscow: Nauka, 1966.
7. Sepir E. Izbrannye trudy po iazykoznaniiu i kul’turologii /per. s angl. pod red. i predisl. A.E. Kibrika. Moscow: Progress: Izd. gruppa “Univers”, 1993.
8. Uorf B. Otnoshenie norm povedeniia i myshleniia k iazyku // Istoriia iazykoznaniia XIX i XX vekov v ocherkakh i izvlecheniiakh / pod red. V.A. Zvegintseva. Moscow: Uchpedgiz, 1960. S. 255–285.
9. Wierzbicka A. Lexicography and conceptual analysis. Ann Arbor: Karoma, 1985.
10. Gorbacheva A.V. Slozhnost’ vospriiatiia demotivatorov i memov: eksperimental’noe issledovanie // Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo unitersiteta. Ser. 2: Iazykoznanie. 2021. T. 20. No. 2. S. 74–86.
11. Gorbacheva A.V., Berlin Khenis A.A., Osadchii M.A. Zritel’noe vnimanie u sudebnykh ekspertov i neekspertov pri vospriiatii i ponimanii polikodovykh tekstov // Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo unitersiteta. Ser. 2: Iazykoznanie. 2022. T. 21. No. 3. S. 158–175.
12. Baranov A.N. Fenomen ugrozy v lingvisticheskoi teorii i ekspertnoi praktike // Teoriia i praktika sudebnoi ekspertizy. 2014. No.4 (36). S.139–147.
13. Sukharev A.Ia., Krutskikh V.E. Bol’shoi iuridicheskii slovar’. Moscow: Infra-M, 2003.
14. Efremova T.F. Novyi slovar’ russkogo iazyka: tolkovo-slovoobrazovatel’nyi: v 2 t. T. 2: R — Ia. Moscow: Russkii iazyk, 2000.